Most dog owners know how attached their pets can get to a favourite toy, but new research suggests that some dogs may take that attachment much further.
A study published in Scientific Reports has found that certain dogs show addiction-like behaviours toward their toys, similar to how humans can develop compulsive habits such as gaming or gambling.
Researchers observed more than 100 dogs and discovered that nearly a third showed signs of toy obsession, including fixation, frustration when toys were removed, and difficulty calming down afterwards.
This article is for general informational purposes only. If your dog shows signs of stress or obsessive behaviour, seek advice from a qualified veterinarian or animal behaviourist.
When Playtime Turns Into Compulsion
Researchers from the University of Bern in Switzerland and the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna studied 105 dogs to examine what they call “toy-directed motivation.” About one-third of the dogs displayed behaviours that the scientists classified as addiction-like, suggesting a compulsive attachment to their toys rather than normal play enthusiasm.
The breeds studied included Belgian Malinois, Border Collies, and Labrador Retrievers, all known for their high energy levels and strong work drive. These dogs were observed during play sessions with their favourite toy and again when the toy was removed. The results were striking: some dogs became visibly agitated, restless, or unable to calm down even 15 minutes after the toys were taken away.
The Signs Of Toy Addiction
Dogs that researchers identified as showing “addictive” behaviour exhibited several consistent patterns. They would fixate on their toy and ignore everything else, including food or interaction with their owners. When the toy was taken away, they would search for it, pace, or stare at the spot where it had last been.
These reactions closely mirror the symptoms seen in human behavioural addictions — including cravings, loss of control, and prioritising the object of addiction over other needs. Some dogs even showed signs of frustration or anxiety when they couldn’t access their toy, suggesting a deeper emotional link than simple entertainment.
Why It Matters For Dog Welfare
The research team emphasised that this is the first scientific evidence confirming such patterns in dogs. While play is an essential part of healthy canine behaviour, excessive or compulsive engagement could have implications for welfare. A dog that fixates too strongly on a single object may experience stress or frustration when separated from it.
The scientists also cautioned that more studies are needed to understand why some dogs develop these behaviours. Factors like breed tendencies, training methods, and early-life experiences could all play a role. For now, the study highlights the importance of balance: healthy playtime should include variety, rest, and opportunities for social interaction, not just endless retrieval or tug-of-war sessions.
Recognising Healthy Play Versus Obsession
How can you tell if your dog’s enthusiasm has crossed into unhealthy territory? Normal play involves excitement that fades naturally once the activity ends. Your dog should be able to switch focus to other activities, like eating, resting, or greeting family members, without distress.
If your pet refuses to eat, becomes aggressive when you try to remove a toy, or spends hours waiting by the door for the next play session, these could be warning signs. Watch for behaviours like constant whining, pacing in circles, or refusing to settle down. Balance is key to maintaining your dog’s emotional health and ensuring playtime remains a source of joy rather than stress.
Breed Tendencies and Working Dogs
Certain breeds appear more prone to developing intense attachments to toys, particularly those bred for specific jobs. Border Collies, Belgian Malinois, and similar working breeds possess strong drive and focus that helped them excel at herding, guarding, or retrieving tasks. This same intensity can sometimes manifest as fixation on objects during play.
Understanding your dog’s breed background helps you anticipate potential challenges. Working breeds often need more mental stimulation and structured activities than typical fetch sessions provide. Incorporating training exercises, puzzle toys, and varied activities can channel their energy in healthier ways. Recognising these tendencies early allows owners to create balanced routines that satisfy their dog’s needs without encouraging compulsive patterns.
Creating Balance In Your Dog’s Routine
Preventing toy addiction starts with building a well-rounded daily schedule for your pet. Rather than relying solely on one favourite toy, rotate different items to keep interest fresh without creating dependency. Include walks, training sessions, social time with other dogs, and quiet bonding moments with family members.
Set clear boundaries around playtime by establishing start and stop signals your dog can understand. Practice putting toys away after sessions and rewarding calm behaviour when play ends. Variety keeps your dog mentally engaged while preventing unhealthy fixation. Remember that rest is just as important as activity for maintaining emotional balance and overall wellbeing in your canine companion.
When To Seek Professional Help
Sometimes, despite your best efforts, a dog’s obsessive behaviour requires expert intervention. If your pet shows aggression when toys are removed, experiences panic or extreme distress during separation, or refuses basic needs like food and water, consult a qualified animal behaviourist or veterinarian promptly.
Professional trainers can assess whether the behaviour stems from anxiety, insufficient mental stimulation, or other underlying issues. They may recommend behaviour modification techniques, environmental changes, or in some cases, medical evaluation to rule out health problems. Early intervention prevents patterns from becoming deeply ingrained. Remember, seeking help demonstrates responsible pet ownership and prioritises your dog’s long-term happiness and health over quick fixes.
A New Understanding Of Our Canine Companions
This study adds another layer to what we know about the emotional lives of dogs. It suggests that they may be capable of complex behavioural responses that go beyond instinct or habit. For owners, it’s a reminder that our pets’ enthusiasm, while adorable, can sometimes cross into unhealthy territory if not managed carefully.
Next time your dog refuses to part with a squeaky toy, it might be worth watching how they react when playtime ends. A little obsession is normal, but true wellbeing means knowing when to pause, rest, and enjoy more than one source of joy. Understanding these nuances helps us become better guardians to our beloved companions.
